Notes on the data: Aboriginal premature mortality by selected cause

Deaths from diabetes, Aboriginal people aged 0 to 74 years, 2018 to 2022

Policy context: Diabetes is a serious complex condition which can affect the entire body. Diabetes requires daily self-care and, if complications develop, can have a significant impact on quality of life and can reduce life expectancy. The three main types of diabetes are type 1, type 2 and gestational diabetes: type 2 diabetes is one of the major consequences of the obesity epidemic. The combination of massive changes to diet and the food supply, combined with massive changes to physical activity, with more sedentary work and less activity, means most populations are seeing more type 2 diabetes.[1]

Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people and others who are socioeconomically disadvantaged are at higher risk of developing diabetes mellitus and have much greater hospitalisation and death rates from diabetes than other Australians [2].

Some 7.0% of all deaths of Aboriginal people occurring before 75 years of age were due to diabetes.

The data show that, for 2018 to 2022, more than three quarters (76%) of deaths from diabetes among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were premature (over two and a half (2.56) times the proportion for the total population at ages 0 to 74 years) – details here.

References

Diabetes Australia, 2018, What is diabetes?, Available from: https://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/what-is-diabetes/; Accessed 4 March 2019.
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW). Multiple causes of death. (AIHW Cat. no. AUS 159). Canberra: AIHW; 2012.

Notes: International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) codes: E10-E14

Deaths data

For deaths data released since 2007, the ABS has applied a staged approach to the coding of cause of death which affects the number of records available for release at any date. In general, the latest year’s data is preliminary, the second latest is revised and the data for the remaining years is final. For further information about the ABS revisions process see the following and related sites: http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/Lookup/3303.0Explanatory+Notes12012.

However, data published here are from the following releases: 2018, 2019 and 2020 final; and 2021 and 2022 preliminary.

Data quality

Almost all deaths in Australia are registered. However, Indigenous status is not always recorded, or recorded correctly. The incompleteness of Indigenous identification (referred to as completeness of coverage) means that the number of deaths registered as Indigenous is an underestimate of the actual number of deaths which occur in the Indigenous population. It should also be noted that completeness of coverage is likely to vary between geographical areas.

While there is incomplete coverage of Indigenous deaths in all state and territory registration systems, some jurisdictions have been assessed by the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) as having a sufficient level of coverage to enable statistics on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander mortality to be produced. Those jurisdictions are New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia and the Northern Territory.

Geography: Data available by Indigenous Area, Primary Health Network, Quintile of socioeconomic outcomes (based on IRSEO) and Remoteness Area

Numerator: Aboriginal deaths from diabetes at ages 0 to 74 years

Denominator: Aboriginal population aged 0 to 74 years

Detail of analysis: Average annual indirectly age-standardised rate per 100,000 Aboriginal population (aged 0 to 74 years); and/or indirectly age-standardised ratio, based on the Australian standard

Source: Data compiled by PHIDU from deaths data based on the 2018 to 2022 Cause of Death Unit Record Files supplied by the Australian Coordinating Registry and the Victorian Department of Justice, on behalf of the Registries of Births, Deaths and Marriages and the National Coronial Information System. ABS estimated resident population (produced as a consultancy for PHIDU), 30 June 2021.